Lipakete tsa betri tsa lithium li fetotse tsela eo re matlafatsang lisebelisoa tsa rona tsa elektroniki ka eona. Ho tloha ho li-smartphone ho ea ho likoloi tsa motlakase, lisebelisoa tsena tsa motlakase tse bobebe le tse sebetsang hantle li fetohile karolo ea bohlokoa ea bophelo ba rona ba letsatsi le letsatsi. Leha ho le joalo, tsoelo-pele ealihlopha tsa betri tsa lithiumha e so tsamaee hantle. E fetile har'a liphetoho tse kholo le tsoelo-pele ho theosa le lilemo. Sengoliloeng sena, re tla hlahloba nalane ea lipakete tsa betri tsa lithium le hore na li bile teng joang ho fihlela litlhoko tsa rona tse ntseng li hola tsa matla.
Betri ea pele ea lithium-ion e entsoe ke Stanley Whittingham ho elella bofelong ba lilemo tsa bo-1970, ho tšoaea qaleho ea phetoho ea betri ea lithium. Betri ea Whittingham e sebelisa titanium disulfide joalo ka cathode le tšepe ea lithium joalo ka anode. Leha mofuta ona oa betri o na le matla a phahameng a matla, ha o sebetse khoebong ka lebaka la mathata a polokeho. Lithium metal e sebetsa haholo 'me e ka baka ho baleha ha mocheso, ho baka mollo oa betri kapa ho phatloha.
E le ho leka ho hlōla mathata a tšireletso a amanang le libeteri tsa tšepe tsa lithium, John B. Goodenough le sehlopha sa hae Univesithing ea Oxford ba ile ba sibolla lintho tse sibolotsoeng lilemong tsa bo-1980. Ba fumane hore ka ho sebelisa tšepe ea oxide cathode ho e-na le tšepe ea lithium, kotsi ea ho baleha ha mocheso e ka felisoa. Li-cathode tsa Goodenough tsa lithium cobalt oxide li ile tsa fetola indasteri le ho betla tsela bakeng sa libeteri tsa lithium-ion tse tsoetseng pele tseo re li sebelisang kajeno.
Tsoelo-pele e kholo e latelang ea lithium battery packs e fihlile lilemong tsa bo-1990 ha Yoshio Nishi le sehlopha sa hae sa Sony ba theha betri ea pele ea khoebo ea lithium-ion. Ba nkile sebaka sa anode ea tšepe ea lithium e sebetsang haholo ka anode e tsitsitseng ea graphite, e ntlafatsang polokeho ea betri. Ka lebaka la matla a bona a phahameng a matla le bophelo ba nako e telele, libeteri tsena li ile tsa fetoha mohloli o tloaelehileng oa matla bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki tse nkehang joaloka lilaptop le mehala ea thekeng.
Mathoasong a lilemo tsa 2000, lithium battery packs li fumane lisebelisoa tse ncha indastering ea likoloi. Tesla, e thehiloeng ke Martin Eberhard le Mark Tarpenning, e ile ea qala koloi ea pele ea motlakase e atlehileng khoebong e tsamaisoang ke libeteri tsa lithium-ion. Sena se tšoaea mohato oa bohlokoa ho nts'etsopele ea lithium battery packs, kaha tšebeliso ea tsona ha e sa lekanyetsoa ho lisebelisoa tsa elektronike tse nkehang habonolo. Likoloi tsa motlakase tse tsamaisoang ke lithium battery packs li fana ka mokhoa o hloekileng, o tsitsitseng haholoanyane ho feta likoloi tsa setso tse tsamaeang ka peterole.
Ha tlhoko ea lipakete tsa betri tsa lithium e ntse e hola, boiteko ba lipatlisiso bo tsepamisitse maikutlo ho holiseng matla a bona a matla le ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea bona ka kakaretso. E 'ngoe ea tsoelo-pele e joalo e bile ho hlahisoa ha li-anode tse thehiloeng ho silicon. Silicon e na le bokhoni bo phahameng ba ho boloka li-ion tsa lithium, tse ka eketsang matla a matla a betri haholo. Leha ho le joalo, li-anode tsa silicon li tobana le liphephetso tse joalo ka liphetoho tse matla tsa molumo nakong ea lipotoloho tsa tefiso, tse bakang bophelo bo khuts'oane ba potoloho. Bafuputsi ba sebetsa ka mafolofolo ho hlola mathata ana ho notlolla bokhoni bo felletseng ba li-anode tse thehiloeng ho silicon.
Karolo e 'ngoe ea lipatlisiso ke lihlopha tsa betri tsa lithium tse tiileng. Libetri tsena li sebelisa li-electrolyte tse tiileng ho e-na le li-electrolyte tsa mokelikeli tse fumanoang libeteri tsa setso tsa lithium-ion. Libetri tsa boemo bo tiileng li fana ka melemo e mengata, ho kenyelletsa polokeho e kholoanyane, matla a phahameng a matla, le bophelo ba nako e telele. Leha ho le joalo, khoebo ea bona e ntse e le maemong a pele mme lipatlisiso tse ling le nts'etsopele ea hlokahala ho hlola mathata a tekheniki le ho fokotsa litšenyehelo tsa tlhahiso.
Ha re sheba pele, bokamoso ba lihlopha tsa betri tsa lithium bo bonahala bo ts'episa. Tlhokahalo ea polokelo ea matla e ntse e phahama, e tsamaisoa ke 'maraka o ntseng o hola oa likoloi tsa motlakase le tlhoko ea ho kopanya matla a tsosolositsoeng. Boiteko ba lipatlisiso bo tsepamisitsoe ho nts'etsopele ea libeteri tse nang le matla a phahameng a matla, bokhoni ba ho tjhaja kapele, le bophelo ba nako e telele. Lihlopha tsa betri tsa lithium li tla bapala karolo ea bohlokoa phetohong ea bokamoso bo hloekileng, bo tsitsitseng ba matla.
Ho akaretsa, nalane ea nts'etsopele ea lithium battery packs e bone boqapi ba batho le ho lelekisa phepelo ea motlakase e sireletsehileng le e sebetsang haholoanyane. Ho tloha matsatsing a pele a libeteri tsa tšepe tsa lithium ho ea ho libeteri tse tsoetseng pele tsa lithium-ion tseo re li sebelisang kajeno, re bone tsoelo-pele e kholo theknolojing ea polokelo ea matla. Ha re ntse re tsoela pele ho sutumelletsa meeli ea se ka khonehang, lithium battery packs li tla tsoela pele ho fetoha le ho bopa bokamoso ba polokelo ea matla.
Haeba u thahasella lihlopha tsa betri tsa lithium, amohela ho ikopanya le Radiance hofumana qotso.
Nako ea poso: Nov-24-2023