Photovoltaic off-grid power fehlang sistimi e sebelisa ka nepo mehloli ea matla a letsatsi a tala le a ka nchafatsoang, 'me ke tharollo e molemohali ea ho khotsofatsa tlhoko ea motlakase libakeng tse se nang phepelo ea motlakase, khaello ea motlakase le ho se tsitse ha motlakase.
1. Melemo:
(1) Sebopeho se bonolo, se sireletsehileng le se ka tšeptjoang, boleng bo tsitsitseng, bo bonolo ho bo sebelisa, haholo-holo bo loketseng bakeng sa tšebeliso e sa lebelloang;
(2) phepelo ea motlakase e haufi, ha ho hlokahale phetiso ea nako e telele, ho qoba ho lahleheloa ke melapo ea phetiso, tsamaiso e bonolo ho kenya, ho bonolo ho e tsamaisa, nako ea kaho e khutšoanyane, nako e le 'ngoe ea lichelete, melemo ea nako e telele;
(3) Ho hlahisa matla a photovoltaic ha ho hlahise litšila, ha ho mahlaseli, ha ho na tšilafalo, ho boloka matla le tšireletso ea tikoloho, ts'ebetso e sireletsehileng, ha ho lerata, ho tsoa ha zero, mokhoa o fokolang oa carbon, ha ho na tšusumetso e mpe tikolohong, 'me ke matla a hloekileng a hloekileng. ;
(4) Sehlahisoa se na le nako e telele ea tšebeletso, 'me bophelo ba tšebeletso ea setsi sa letsatsi bo feta lilemo tse 25;
(5) E na le mefuta e mengata ea lisebelisoa, ha e hloke mafura, e na le litšenyehelo tse tlaase tsa ts'ebetso, 'me ha e amehe ke bothata ba motlakase kapa ho se tsitse ha 'maraka oa mafura. Ke tharollo e sebetsang e ka tšeptjoang, e hloekileng le e theko e tlaase ea ho nkela lijenereithara tsa diesel sebaka;
(6) Ts'ebetso e phahameng ea phetoho ea photoelectric le tlhahiso e kholo ea matla ka sebaka sa unit.
2. Lintlha-khōlō tsa Sisteme:
(1) Mojule oa letsatsi o amohela boholo bo boholo, li-grid tse ngata, tse sebetsang hantle, tse nang le lisele tsa monocrystalline le halofo ea lisele, tse fokotsang mocheso oa mocheso oa mochine, monyetla oa libaka tse chesang le litšenyehelo tse akaretsang tsa tsamaiso. , e fokotsa tahlehelo ea tlhahiso ea matla e bakoang ke ho shading, le ho ntlafatsa. Matla a tlhahiso le botšepehi le polokeho ea likarolo;
(2) Mochini o kopantsoeng oa taolo le inverter o bonolo ho o kenya, o bonolo ho o sebelisa ebile o bonolo ho o hlokomela. E amohela karolo ea likarolo tse ngata tsa li-port, tse fokotsang tšebeliso ea mabokose a kopanyang, ho fokotsa litšenyehelo tsa tsamaiso, le ho ntlafatsa botsitso ba tsamaiso.
1. Sebopeho
Sistimi ea "off-grid photovoltaic" ka kakaretso e entsoe ka li-photovoltaic arrays tse entsoeng ka likarolo tsa lisele tsa letsatsi, li-control tsa letsatsi le li-dicharge control, li-inverters tsa off-grid (kapa li-inverter tse kopaneng tsa mochini), lipakete tsa betri, meroalo ea DC le meroalo ea AC.
(1) Mojule oa lisele tsa letsatsi
Mojule oa sele ea letsatsi ke karolo e ka sehloohong ea tsamaiso ea matla a letsatsi, 'me mosebetsi oa eona ke ho fetola matla a mahlaseli a letsatsi hore e be motlakase o tobileng oa hona joale;
(2) Tefiso ea letsatsi le taolo ea ho lahla
E boetse e tsejoa e le "photovoltaic controller", mosebetsi oa eona ke ho laola le ho laola matla a motlakase a hlahisoang ke mojule oa sele ea letsatsi, ho lefisa betri ho isa tekanyong e phahameng, le ho sireletsa betri ho feta tefiso le ho feta. E boetse e na le mesebetsi e kang taolo ea khanya, taolo ea nako, le matšeliso a mocheso.
(3) Pakete ea betri
Mosebetsi o ka sehloohong oa betri pakete ke ho boloka matla ho netefatsa hore mojaro o sebelisa motlakase bosiu kapa matsatsing a maru le lipula, hape o bapala karolo ea ho tsitsisa tlhahiso ea matla.
(4) Off-grid inverter
Inverter ea off-grid ke karolo ea mantlha ea sistimi ea phepelo ea motlakase e kantle ho gridi, e fetolang matla a DC hore e be matla a AC hore a sebelisoe ke meroalo ea AC.
2. KopoAlibaka
Sistimi ea ho fehla motlakase ea off-grid photovoltaic e sebelisoa haholo libakeng tse hole, libaka tse se nang matla, libaka tse se nang matla, libaka tse nang le boleng bo sa tsitsang ba matla, lihlekehleke, liteishene tsa puisano le libaka tse ling tsa kopo.
Melao e meraro ea moralo oa tsamaiso ea photovoltaic off-grid
1. Netefatsa matla a inverter ea off-grid ho latela mofuta oa mojaro oa mosebelisi le matla:
Meroalo ea lelapa ka kakaretso e arotsoe ka meroalo e kenyang letsoho le meroalo e hanyetsang. Meroalo e nang le lienjineri tse joalo ka mechini e hlatsoang, li-air conditioner, lihatsetsi, lipompo tsa metsi le li-hood hood ke meroalo e matla. Matla a qalang a enjene ke makhetlo a 5-7 ho feta matla a lekantsoeng. Matla a qalang a meroalo ena a lokela ho nahanoa ha matla a sebelisoa. Matla a hlahisoang ke inverter a maholo ho feta matla a mojaro. Ha ho nahanoa hore meroalo eohle e ke ke ea buloa ka nako e le 'ngoe, e le ho boloka litšenyehelo, kakaretso ea matla a mojaro a ka atolosoa ka karolo ea 0.7-0.9.
2. Netefatsa matla a karolo ho latela tšebeliso ea letsatsi le letsatsi ea motlakase:
Molao-motheo oa moralo oa mojule ke ho kopana le tlhoko ea letsatsi le letsatsi ea tšebeliso ea matla ea mojaro tlas'a maemo a leholimo a tloaelehileng. Bakeng sa botsitso ba tsamaiso, lintlha tse latelang li lokela ho nkoa
(1) Maemo a leholimo a tlase ebile a phahame ho feta karolelano. Libakeng tse ling, khanya ea sehla se mpe ka ho fetisisa e tlaase haholo ho feta karolelano ea selemo;
(2) Kakaretso ea matla a ho hlahisa matla a tsamaiso ea motlakase ea photovoltaic off-grid, ho kenyelletsa le ho sebetsa hantle ha liphanele tsa letsatsi, li-controller, li-inverters le libeteri, kahoo tlhahiso ea matla ea lisebelisoa tsa letsatsi e ke ke ea fetoloa ka ho feletseng ho ba motlakase, le motlakase o teng oa motlakase. sistimi e kantle ho grid = likarolo Kakaretso ea matla * karolelano ea lihora tse phahameng tsa ho fehla matla a letsatsi * matla a ho tjhaja liphanele tsa letsatsi * bokhoni ba taolo * boits'oaro ba inverter * katleho ea betri;
(3) Moralo oa bokhoni ba li-module tsa lisele tsa letsatsi o lokela ho nahanela ka botlalo maemo a sebele a ho sebetsa a mojaro (moroalo o leka-lekaneng, mojaro oa nako ea selemo le mojaro oa nakoana) le litlhoko tse khethehileng tsa bareki;
(4) Hape hoa hlokahala ho nahana ka ho hlaphoheloa ha matla a betri tlas'a matsatsi a pula e sa khaotseng kapa ho tsoa ho feta tekano, e le ho qoba ho ama bophelo ba tšebeletso ea betri.
3. Lekola boholo ba betri ho latela tšebeliso ea matla a mosebelisi bosiu kapa nako e lebelletsoeng ea ho ema:
Betri e sebelisetsoa ho etsa bonnete ba hore tšebeliso e tloaelehileng ea matla ea mojaro oa tsamaiso ha palo ea mahlaseli a letsatsi a sa lekaneng, bosiu kapa matsatsing a pula e sa khaotseng. Bakeng sa mojaro o hlokahalang oa bophelo, ts'ebetso e tloaelehileng ea tsamaiso e ka tiisetsoa ka hare ho matsatsi a seng makae. Ha ho bapisoa le basebelisi ba tloaelehileng, hoa hlokahala ho nahana ka tharollo ea sistimi e theko e boima.
(1) Leka ho khetha lisebelisoa tsa mojaro tse bolokang matla, joalo ka mabone a LED, li-airconditioner tsa inverter;
(2) E ka sebelisoa haholoanyane ha khanya e le ntle. E lokela ho sebelisoa ka mokhoa o fokolang ha leseli le sa loka;
(3) Lenaneong la ho hlahisa matla a photovoltaic, boholo ba libeteri tsa gel li sebelisoa. Ha ho nahanoa ka bophelo ba betri, botebo ba ho tsoa hangata bo pakeng tsa 0.5-0.7.
Bokhoni ba moralo oa betri = (karolelano ea tšebeliso ea matla ea letsatsi le letsatsi * palo ea matsatsi a latellanang a maru le lipula) / botebo ba ho tsoa ha betri.
1. Maemo a leholimo le lintlha tse tloaelehileng tsa lihora tsa khanya ea letsatsi sebakeng sa ts'ebeliso;
2. Lebitso, matla, bongata, lihora tsa mosebetsi, lihora tsa mosebetsi le karolelano ea letsatsi le letsatsi ea tšebeliso ea motlakase ea lisebelisoa tsa motlakase tse sebelisoang;
3. Tlas'a boemo ba matla a feletseng a betri, tlhokahalo ea phepelo ea matla bakeng sa matsatsi a latellanang a maru le a lipula;
4. Litlhoko tse ling tsa bareki.
Likarolo tsa lisele tsa letsatsi li kenngoa ka har'a bracket ka ho kopanya letoto-papiso ho etsa sehlopha sa lisele tsa letsatsi. Ha mochine oa selefouno oa letsatsi o sebetsa, tataiso ea ho kenya e lokela ho netefatsa hore ho na le khanya e ngata ea letsatsi.
Azimuth e bua ka angle e pakeng tsa e tloaelehileng ho ea holimo ho ea holimo ea karolo le boroa, eo ka kakaretso e leng zero. Li-module li lokela ho kengoa sebakeng se sekametseng ho equator. Ke hore, li-module karolong e ka leboea ea hemisphere li lokela ho shebana le boroa, 'me li-module karolong e ka boroa ea lefatše li lokela ho shebana le leboea.
Lehlakore la ho sekamela le bua ka lehlakoreng le pakeng tsa bokaholimo ba mojulu le sefofane se otlolohileng, 'me boholo ba angle bo lokela ho khethoa ho latela sebaka sa sebaka seo.
Bokhoni ba ho itlhoekisa ba motlakase oa letsatsi bo lokela ho nahanoa nakong ea ho kenngoa ha sebele (ka kakaretso, lehlakoreng le leng le leholo ho feta 25 °).
Ho sebetsa hantle ha lisele tsa letsatsi ka li-angles tse fapaneng tsa ho kenya:
Mehato ya tlhokomelo:
1. Khetha ka nepo boemo ba ho kenya le angle ea ho kenya mochine oa sele ea letsatsi;
2. Nakong ea ho tsamaisa, ho boloka le ho kenya, li-module tsa letsatsi li lokela ho tšoaroa ka hloko, 'me ha lia lokela ho behoa tlas'a khatello e boima le ho thulana;
3. Mojule oa sele ea letsatsi e lokela ho ba haufi ka hohle kamoo ho ka khonehang ho inverter ea taolo le betri, e khutsufatse sebaka sa mohala ka hohle kamoo ho ka khonehang, le ho fokotsa tahlehelo ea mohala;
4. Nakong ea ho kenya, ela hloko li-terminals tse ntle le tse mpe tsa karolo, 'me u se ke ua tsamaea ka nako e khutšoanyane, ho seng joalo e ka baka likotsi;
5. Ha u kenya li-module tsa letsatsi letsatsing, koahela li-module ka lisebelisoa tse opaque tse kang filimi ea polasetiki e ntšo le pampiri ea ho phuthela, e le ho qoba kotsi ea matla a phahameng a matla a amang ts'ebetso ea ho hokahanya kapa ho baka ts'oaetso ea motlakase ho basebetsi;
6. Etsa bonnete ba hore lithapo tsa tsamaiso le mehato ea ho kenya li nepahetse.
| Nomoro ea letoto | Lebitso la sesebelisoa | Matla a motlakase (W) | Tšebeliso ea Matla (Kwh) |
| 1 | Leseli la Motlakase | 3 ~ 100 | 0.003–0.1 kWh/hora |
| 2 | Motlakase oa Motlakase | 20-70 | 0.02–0.07 kWh/hora |
| 3 | Thelebishene | 50-300 | 0.05 ~ 0.3 kWh/hora |
| 4 | Rice Cooker | 800 ~ 1200 | 0.8–1.2 kWh/hora |
| 5 | Sehatsetsi | 80 - 220 | 1 kWh/hora |
| 6 | Mochini oa ho Hlatsoa oa Pulsator | 200 ~ 500 | 0.2–0.5 kWh/hora |
| 7 | Mochini oa ho Hlatsoa Meropa | 300–1100 | 0.3–1.1 kWh/hora |
| 7 | Laptop | 70-150 | 0.07–0.15 kWh/hora |
| 8 | PC | 200-400 | 0.2–0.4 kWh/hora |
| 9 | Audio | 100 ~ 200 | 0.1–0.2 kWh/hora |
| 10 | Cooker ea Induction | 800 ~ 1500 | 0.8–1.5 kWh/hora |
| 11 | Seomisa moriri | 800 ~ 2000 | 0.8-2 kWh/hora |
| 12 | Tšepe ea Motlakase | 650-800 | 0.65 ~ 0.8 kWh/hora |
| 13 | Microwave ontong | 900 ~ 1500 | 0.9–1.5 kWh/hora |
| 14 | Ketlele ea motlakase | 1000 ~ 1800 | 1-1.8 kWh/hora |
| 15 | Sehloekisi sa Vacuum | 400 ~ 900 | 0.4–0.9 kWh/hora |
| 16 | Air Conditioner | 800W / 匹 | 0.8 kWh/hora |
| 17 | Mofuthu oa metsi | 1500 ~ 3000 | 1.5-3 kWh/hora |
| 18 | Mofuthu oa metsi a khase | 36 | 0.036 kWh/hora |
Tlhokomeliso: Matla a sebele a thepa a tla ba teng.